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Lessons (7)

• Storage Engines & Database Operations

  Understand B-trees, LSM trees, write-ahead logs, connection pools, backups and the signals behind database reliability. What …

• Transactions, Indexes & Concurrency

  … It is not a backup: deletion and corruption replicate too. Restore-tested independent backups remain necessary.

• Debug Latency Like an Investigator

  … wait, retries, slow subset. Every morning Batch reports, backup, cache expiry, scheduled work. Restart helps briefly Warm cache …

• DBMS Foundations, Keys & Normalization

  … Why DBMS instead of files? A DBMS centralizes data, supports concurrent access, transactions, constraints, authorization, backup/recovery and …

• Replication, Partitioning & Sharding

  … Plan the router, shard map, ID generation, backups, rebalancing and degraded behavior before splitting. Cross-shard joins and …

• Kafka Producers

  … none, "the post office received it", or "the post office and its backup received it". A Kafka producer …

• Kubernetes Cluster Architecture

  … etcd is the heart. Lose etcd without a backup and you've lost the cluster's entire configuration …