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Lessons (8)

• Layered (N-Tier) Architecture

  … Persistence (data access) Read and write data Repositories, ORM models, SQL Database Store data PostgreSQL, MongoDB mermaid flowchart …

• N+1 Queries, Loading & Pagination

  … for --- --- --- One related row per parent JOIN or ORM select-related Duplicate parent rows with one-to-many …

• Clean Architecture in Depth

  … 3000 }); expect(charges).toEqual([3000]); }); Common mistakes Mistake Why it hurts Fix --- --- --- ORM decorators ( @Entity , @Column ) on domain …

• Database Relations & Foreign Keys

  … world ownership rule A relation is not an ORM decoration. It is a database promise: an order belongs …

• Backend Languages: Node.js, Go, Python & Rust

  … Django is the "batteries included" alternative, with an ORM, admin panel and auth built in. Rust: Axum rust …

• Authentication, Authorization & API Security

  … validation such as Zod or Joi) - [ ] Parameterised queries / ORM - [ ] Authorization check on every resource access - [ ] Rate limiting on …

• Database Indexing & Transactions

  … inside one. - Always handle rollback on errors (most ORMs do this for you). - Lock rows in a consistent …

• Vertical Slice Architecture & the Modular Monolith

  … public API // import { ProductEntity } from "@/modules/catalog/infrastructure/orm"; // ❌ forbidden Enforcing boundaries js // .dependency-cruiser.js — fail the …