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Lessons (37)
- Data Structures for Scale
Use geospatial indexes and probabilistic structures to make huge queries practical while understanding their error bounds.  B-trees favor in-place indexed reads and …
- Architecture Patterns at Scale
Choose client-server, microservices, serverless, event-driven or peer-to-peer architecture based on ownership, failure boundaries and …
- Scaling, Load Balancing & Rate Limiting
… At 2,000 customers you can either: - Give the barista a faster espresso machine → vertical scaling (scale up …
- Scaling & Health Probes
Let Kubernetes heal and scale your app automatically. Liveness, readiness and startup probes, graceful shutdown, the HorizontalPodAutoscaler, cluster …
- Choosing an Architecture
… Compare every style in this course on one page, match them to your team, domain and scale, see …
- Serverless Architecture
… you write functions, the cloud runs them when an event happens , scales them automatically (even to zero), and …
- Deployments, ReplicaSets & Rollouts
… It takes seconds. Scaling manually bash kubectl scale deployment/shop-api --replicas=10 (For automatic scaling based on …
- SQL vs NoSQL Databases
… Data that is read together is stored together. Scaling: vertical vs horizontal mermaid flowchart LR subgraph Vertical["SQL …
- Why Kubernetes?
… it decides where each container runs, restarts the ones that crash, scales them up and down, and rolls …
- Debug Latency Like an Investigator
… Follow percentile shape and trace wait time before scaling blindly. Start with the shape, not a guess If …
- Monolith vs Microservices
… And when one module really needs to scale or deploy separately, you can extract it into a service …
- Design a Polite Web Crawler
Crawl at scale without revisiting endlessly or overwhelming hosts: normalize, deduplicate and schedule per host.  Tool Solves …
- What Is Software Architecture?
… great scale, but complex queries and more vendor lock-in text docs/adr/ ├── 0001-record-architecture-decisions.md …
- REST API Design
… 2xx success, 4xx client error, 5xx server error. - Paginate lists; prefer cursors at scale. - Idempotency keys make retries …
- Which Pattern Do I Need?
… add a pattern when simple code starts to hurt. - Object patterns scale up into system architecture patterns.
- Premiere-Night Video Streaming
… edge → regional → origin caches and request collapsing. - Pre-scale entitlement and manifest services. - Use short-lived signed URLs …
- The L6 System-Design Thinking Loop
… invariant first, then scale, failure, recovery and blast radius](/img/system-design-l6/design-loop.svg) Five questions …
- Replication, Partitioning & Sharding
Scale reads with replicas, split data safely with partitions and shards, and plan for consistency, hot keys and …
- Kafka vs RabbitMQ & the Kafka Ecosystem
… Managed services handle brokers, upgrades and scaling: Confluent Cloud , Amazon MSK , Aiven , Redpanda (a Kafka-compatible engine), Azure …
- CQRS & Event Sourcing
… search), Redis (fast lookups), a reporting DB Scaling Consistency matters Scale out freely Example: the "My orders" screen …
- Helm, kubectl Cheat Sheet & Best Practices
… port-forward svc/shop-api 8080:80 Scale kubectl scale deploy/shop-api --replicas=5 Update image kubectl …
- Vertical Slice Architecture & the Modular Monolith
… when a module truly needs independent scaling or deployment, its boundary already exists, so extraction is mostly moving …
- I — Interface Segregation Principle
… services The same idea applies at a larger scale: - Backend for Frontend (BFF): a mobile app and a …
- YAGNI: You Aren't Gonna Need It
… Cheap options: using an ID type that can scale (UUID) costs nothing now. Key takeaways - Build for today …
- What Is Apache Kafka?
… can write to and read from at huge scale. The big picture, the vocabulary, and why so many …
- Layered (N-Tier) Architecture
… easy to understand Parts that need to scale or deploy separately Fast start, low ceremony When business logic …
- Message Queues & RabbitMQ
… is down, messages wait instead of being lost Scaling Add more consumers to process faster Point-to-point …
- Docker & Containers
… When you have dozens of containers across many machines and need auto-restarts, scaling and zero-downtime deploys …
- Topics, Partitions & Offsets
… named stream; it's split into partitions for scale and parallelism. - Each partition is an ordered log; records …
- Consumers & Consumer Groups
… analytics"] C3[consumer 1] end P0 & P1 -- C1 P2 & P3 -- C2 P0 & P1 & P2 & P3 -.- C3 Scaling a …
- Microkernel (Plugin) Architecture
… final HTML The Open/Closed Principle at architecture scale: the core is closed for modification, open for extension …
- Authentication, Authorization & API Security
… Instant (delete the session) ❌ Hard until it expires Scaling Needs a shared store (Redis) Any server can verify …
- Clean Architecture in Depth
… That's Dependency Inversion (the D in SOLID) at architecture scale. mermaid flowchart LR subgraph Core["Application core …